Interventional Cardiology from Top Hospitals and Best Cardiac Specialists in India
Interventional cardiology focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of certain heart problems through the use of catheters. Cardiac catheterization is a procedure used to place the catheter, which is a long, thin tube, in the heart or a nearby artery. During this procedure, a catheter is inserted into a blood vessel in the arm, groin or neck area and guided to the heart. When the catheter reaches the heart, it can be used to:
- Detect any blockages or abnormalities
- Take a blood or muscle sample
- Measure blood pressure and oxygen levels
- Detect and repair congenital heart defects
- Repair or replace heart valves
- Perform an angioplasty
- Perform a balloon valvuloplasty
- Correct arrhythmia
Coronary Angioplasty
A coronary angioplasty is a procedure performed to improve blood flow, by re-opening or enlarging blocked arteries, in the heart. The blockages usually develop as a result of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis occurs when plaque builds up on the inner walls of the arteries and causes them to harden and narrow, often leading to coronary artery disease. A coronary angioplasty involves the insertion of a tiny balloon that is inflated to open and widen the artery. It is often combined with the insertion of a small wire tube, called a stent, that helps keep the artery open.
Benefits of Interventional Cardiology
Procedures of interventional cardiology are generally considered minimally invasive and can often help patients avoid traditional heart surgery. In many cases, procedures of interventional cardiology require only a small incision in the arm or leg for insertion of a catheter. Almost all interventional cardiology procedures are performed without requiring general anesthesia and some procedures can take as few as 30 minutes to perform.
In many cases, patients require only one night of hospital stay following interventional cardiology procedures, instead of the longer hospital stay required by other types of surgery. Some interventional cardiology procedures are even performed on an outpatient basis. Recovery times are often shorter as well, and symptoms, such as shortness of breath and chest pain, are usually relieved quickly and effectively.
Many heart attack patients have been shown to derive significant benefits from angioplasty. Opening an artery and restoring blood flow quickly can help prevent heart damage. In addition, balloon valvuloplasty is often considered the best option for infants and children with congenital heart defects.
Advanced Interventional Cardiology Procedures for Treatment of Heart Diseases
1. Balloon Angioplasty – This is the most common approach to widen narrow arteries. Generally the walls of the arteries are soft and elastic. Aging causes deposition of plaque on the arterial walls making them hard. This also narrows the lumen of the artery. The amount of blood flowing through the artery reduces because of which less blood reaches the heart muscles. The heart muscles do not get oxygen and nutrients causing damage to the heart tissues. This causes heart attack as the heart is unable to function properly. In Balloon angioplasty, a catheter with a balloon at the tip is introduced through an artery and guided up to the site of blockage in the coronary artery. The balloon is then expanded which compresses the plaque on the arterial walls which widens up the artery. The balloon is then deflated and pulled back. There may be chance of occlusion again. This procedure is also known as percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.
2. Balloon Angioplasty and Stenting – This is generally advised when more than one coronary artery is occluded. The procedure is similar to balloon angioplasty. After the artery is widened using the inflated a balloon, stent or wire mesh is introduce through the catheter up to the point of occlusion. The stent is widened and left there. The balloon and catheter are pulled back. The stent prevents re-occlusion of the artery. The stent is made up inert material.
3. Rotablation – This is also known as percutaneous transluminal rotational atherectomy. A special catheter with a diamond coated tip is guided to the point of occlusion in the artery. The tip spins at a high speed which scrapes away all the plaque. The small pieces are washed away in the blood and filtered through the liver and kidney.
4. Drug eluting stents – in this the stents that are fitted in the arterial walls contain a thin layer of drug that dissolves away the plaque. The stent is inserted in the above manner.
5. Cutting balloon –In this the balloon has blades attached to it. When the balloon is inflated, the blades remove some of the plaque and the balloon compresses the remaining plaque against the wall.
Dissolvable Stents
Heart patients to benefit from dissolvable stent introduced for treatment of coronary artery disease at bestindiahospitals.com affiliated world class hospital in India.
Doctors at SafeMedTrip.com affiliated Hospitals are now performing angioplasty using a revolutionary device, which is made of dissolvable material and is a natural substitute for the metallic stent that is currently used to prop open the artery at the site of the blockage. Unlike a metallic stent, which remains in the body for a lifetime, the new device gets dissolved in due course – once the artery becomes normal. A metallic stent, being a foreign body, would can cause side effects sometimes. To overcome that patients have to be on lifetime medication, which in turn can cause gastro-intestinal bleeding and stroke. There would be no such side effects with the new device as it would get dissolved in the body after a year.
Best Hospitals in India for Interventional Cardiology
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